Ibuki Sugiura Fields of Interest The ocean's role in past, modern, and future climates, including ocean–atmosphere interactions, modes of climate variability, ocean responses to external forcings, and their impacts on hydroclimate. Education M.Phil., Earth and Environmental Sciences, 2026M.A., Earth and Environmental Sciences, 2024B.A., Geosciences, Smith College, 2022B.A., Mathematics, Smith College, 2022